Improvement in cooking-stoves



J. B. CROWLEY & A. E. CHAMBERLAIN.

Cooking-Stove.

' Patented Aug'.10,1875( N FETERS, PHOTO LITNDGRAPHERH WASHINGTON u cUNITED STATES JOHN B. CROWLEY AND ADDIS E. CHAMBERLAIN, OF CINCINNATI,OHIO.

PATENT OFFIoE;

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKlNG-ST OVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 166,594, dated August10, 1875; application filed June 26, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN B. CROWLEY and ADDIS E. CHAMBERLAIN, residentsof the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking- Stoves, ofwhich the following is a specification:

Our invention, in general, consists, first, in a novel arrangement ofthe flues, whereby air is fed, to the burning fuel in the fire-chamberof a cooking-stove, whereby the air, cold at its entrance into the saidflue, is heated before reaching the fire by the heated surfaces it isbrought into contact with, and reaches the fire-chamber in a heatedcondition, thereby aiding the combustion of the fuel and securingeconomy in the consumption of the latter.

Another advantage and purpose of the said arrangement of flues is, thatthe hot air is fed to the fire-chamber in such a manner that a micafront is admissible. Such a front is not obtainable by the improvementsof like nature heretofore by us made.

This general arrangement is, in part, varied to suit the special andpeculiar construction necessary for cookingstoves burning coal, and forcooking-stoves burning wood. Cookingstoves burning wood are preferablyconstructed without a fire-box, which requires all the length it ispossible for it to have. The said induction-flues for conveying the airto the fire are, therefore, so arranged as that they do not detract fromthe length of the fire-chamber. This arrangement is a part of ourinvention. Oooking-stovesburning coal have a fire-box, which latterincludes the grate, side linings, and fire-plate at rear. The saidinduction-flues conveying the air aforementioned to the fire are,therefore, so arranged as that they accommodate themselves to thefire-box. This arrangement is also a part of our invention.

Such is our arrangement of said inductionfiues that in stoves burningcoal or wood opport-unity is afforded for a mica front, and at the sametimeall cold air is prevented from passing around the oven. Both ofthese last named results are important advantages.

Another part of our invention consists in the employment of a registeror registers. and in the combination of the same with the induction-flueaforementioned, in such a manner that the registers shall be capable ofregulating the supply, of air through the said induc tion-flue to thefire, and also of turning a portion of the said cold air enteringthrough said register into the chimney, and the other part of said coldair into the said induction-fines leading to the fire, and be alsocapable of shutting off all supply of air to the fire, and supplying thechimney directly from the register with cold air for the purpose ofdampening the fire.

Finally, a portion of our invention consists in a new and useful mode ofconnecting to the stove the hearth-plate, lid-holder, urns, or suchother parts of a stove as it is customary or desirable to attach to thestove so as to swing on a pivot.

The advantages of this new method of connection are, that thelid-holder, or the like, swings on a pivot, which is not the bolt, andis so arranged on the pivot with reference to the bolt that there is nofriction between the lid-holder and the bolt, and the swinging orrotation of the lid-holder on its pivot does not unscrew the bolt in thenut which secures it in place. 7

In the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, and towhich reference is hereby made, Figure 1 is a perspective view of acooking-stove-for burning Wood constructed according to our invention, aportion of the top and front being broken away to show. the arrangementof said induction-fines, which latter is the subject of a portion of ourinvention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of a stove-toplid-holder and the connection between the same, this connectionalsobeing of our invention. Fig. 3 represents the fire-box and suchadditional part-of a cooking-stovefor'burning coal as exhibits ourarrangement of induction-fines, so far as said arrangement differs fromthe arrangement of lines in a wood burning cooking-stove. Fig. 4represents a View of the under side of that part of the induction-fluein a coal-burning stove which finally conveys the air to thefire-chamber.

Fig. 5 represents the door containing, mica windows, and the platepreferably employed to guard the windows from destruction by fire.

The stove A (represented in Fig. 1) is a stove adapted for burning wood,and provided with of a damper, F. Near the rear edge of the stove, ateach side of the latter, and directly under the top of the stove,extends a flue, G, preferably of about an inch in depth and about threeinches wide. The bottom a and sides I) of the flue are cast with thesides of the stove, while the top is preferably formed by the top of thestove. The rear end of this flue communicates with the external airthrough an opening in the top of the stove, controlled by a suitableregister or damper. The register preferred is the one designated by L,(shown in Fig. 1,) which will be more fully described hereafter. Theflue G extends forward directly-beneath the top of the stove till itreaches the front end of the partition d, which forms the front of theoven, and it then descends vertically a short distance, and passeshorizontally toward the middle of the stove through an aperture, e, intoone broad, flat flue, J, iminediatelyin front of the partition 01, and,thence passing under the bottom of the fire-chamber B, communicates withflue K, which latter passes up at the front end of the fire-chamber. gis a plate placed across the front of the firechamber to protect themica windows from injury by the fuel. The register L, Fig. 1, iscircular, and has a semicircular opening. It is pivoted on a centralpivot, h, the latter being fixed in the top of the inner side b of theflue G.

The mode in which those parts of the stove which are the subject of ourinvention operate is as follows, viz: Register L is so turned as toallow the external air to pass into flue G and ,none into flue'D. Theair passes through register L down into flue G thence along the same toopening 0, through which latter it passes, as shown by the arrows, intoflue J thence through the latter flue to flue K, through which it passesto openin g f. Passing through opening f and spreading out, it entersthe fireichalmber, and feeds the combustion of the The. smoke and heatedproducts of combustion pass directly and rapidly into flue D, and whenthe damper F is closed they divide and pass down the usual flues at eachside of the exit-flue, and after passing down behind and In stoves ofthe common construction the fire-chamberhis supplied with cold airthrough an opening through the front of the chamber communicatingdirectly with the external air. In such a case much of the air thusentering was-not warmed by the fire, and, passing through the flue D anddown the latterthe ovencooled down the latter, thereby wasting much ofthe heat.

This loss of heat is obviated by our improved arrangements, whereby nocold air is allowed to enter the fire-chamber; but the only air admittedto the fire is supplied through the flues G, and is' heated by contactwith the heated surfaces of the stove adjacent to the flues G J K beforereaching the fire.

The heating thus of all the air admitted to the stove accomplishes twopurposes. First, it aids in the combustion of the fuel and the volatileproducts of combustion, as much of the latter will only ignite at a highdegree of tem: perature. In this way the heated air saves fuel.Secondly, no cold air can reach the oven, and all waste of heat fromthis source is prevented.

WVhen desired to dampen the fire by cutting off the supply of air, thiscan be done by turn-, ing the register so that its semicircular openingis partially over flue G and partially over flue D, in which case partof the air passes into flueG and part into flue D; or, to cut off allair from the fire-chamber, the register is to be turned so that theopening therein shall communicate only with flue D. This will rapidlydampen the fire, and, in conjunction with damper F, entirely preventevery draft through the fire-chamber.

When the stove burns coal instead of wood, the construction of theinduction-flues is varied as follows: Flue. G remains unchanged; but itsfront end (see Fig. 3) opens, not into opening 6, but into flue M, whichpasses along under the top of the stove to the inner side of the frontof the same; thence it descends vertically to the grate, and thencealong the front lower corner of the fire-chamber. That part which liesat the lower front corner is provided in its under side with a slit, m.(See Fig. 4:.)

Theoperation of the air is substantially the same as in the wood-burningstove afore described. The air enters flue G throughregister L, thencethrough flue G into flue I M, through which latter flue it passes, andfinds egress through the slit m into the firechamber.

With the above-mentioned changes there is no diiference, so far as theconstruction and operation of our improvementsareconcerned, between thewood-burning and the coal-burning stoves.

It may be well to remark that there is, pref.- erably, a register andflue, G, on each side of the stove, while there is, preferably, but oneflue, J, with which they communicate inrthe wood-burning stove. In thevcoal-burning stove there is, preferably, a register and flue, G, andalso a flue, M, on each side of the stove, the flues M being preferablyconnected at their All bottom, so as to form a continuous line of flueacross the front lower corner of the stove, and so as to have one commonslit, m.

It now remains to describe the last part of our invention, whichconsists in a new mode of connecting those parts of a stove which it iscustomary to so unite to the latter as that the said part or parts shallswing-as, for example, urns, lid-holders, and swinging hearthplates. Theconnection is shown in Fig. 1, the hearth-plate N and the lid-holder Pbeing attached to the stove by the said'connection. Upon the top of thestove is cast or affixed a hollow nipple, R. The holder or other articleto be swung has a hole in the part a, which enters into the connectionof a proper size to inclose this, and to rotate easily around thenipple. Over the part a is placed a washer, t. A bolt, S, passes throughthe washer-nipple and that part of flange of the stove to which theholder or hearth, &c., is attached. The head of the bolt rests upon thewasher, and the washer upon the top of the nipple. A nut screwed uponthe lower end of the bolt prevents the bolt from riding up out of place,and aids in securing the connection in its proper position withoutfriction upon the bolt.

The advantages of the employment of the hollow nipple and washer incombination with the lid-holder, nut, and bolt are, that the bolt cannotpossibly become unscrewed by the constant swinging of the plate-holderor the like, and thus all the parts of the connection are permanentlypreserved in position, and the vexations arising from the unscrewing ofthe bolt and the falling of the hearth-plate, lid-holder, &c., and theloss of nut and bolt, are obviated.

The construction of the lid-holder itself, cast in one piece, is also afeature of our invention.

The bottom of the lid-holder is provided with an arm, n, and this neckis bored to receive the nipple. Now, the most cheap and expeditiousmethod of manufacturing the lidholder and arm n is to cast them in onepiece.

It will be well to remark that the bottom of the lid-holder is providedat its edge with a flange, X, extending upward in a directionsufficiently vertical to act as a guard to prevent the lid or lidsplaced on the lid-holder from slipping 0E the bottom of the same. Now,if the arm n were simply a continuation of the bottom of the lid-holder,and were not stren gthened, it would not be sufficien tly strong tosustain the lid-holder when laden with lids. We provide against thisdifficulty by continuing the flange X of the lid-holder around the armn; that is, the flange X encircles the edge of the lid-holder and arm.The exterior side of the flange inclines outward as it ascendssufficiently to permit one pattern in one piece to be used in castingthe lid-holder proper and the arm and flange together in one piece, asthe pattern of one piece can be readily drawn from the sand.

It is evident on inspection that the flange X and 'lid-holder bottom andarm n, cast together in one piece, as described, produce a the flues G JK, arranged substantially as described.

2. In a cooking-stove, the combination of the flues G N, arrangedsubstantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The register or registers, incombination with the induction and exitflues, and constructed to regulate the supply of air for combustion byturning a part or all into the induction-flues, or shutting off allsupply from the fire, and turning currents of cold air into theescape-flue of stove, to entirely check the draft, substantially asdescribed.

4. A nipple cast or attached to a flat surface, passing entirely throughthe handle or portion of the article to be swung, to a washer resting onthe head of said nipple, and held in place by bolt and nut,substantially as described.

5. A lid-holder with a perforated neck or arm to receive the nipple andbolt,'with a flange encircling its entire edge, and connected to thepivot-bolt at a point on the bottom of the lidholder inside said flange,in combination with the nipple-bolt and washer, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

J OHN B. CROWLEY. ADDIS E. CHAMBERLAIN.

Attest:

D. P. KENNEDY, H. H. TEEL.

